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A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19

A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it
  • No specific pharmacological treatments are available to date for COVID-19
  • Chloroquine is a widely used, safe and cheap, effective in viral infections in pre-clinical studies
  • Specific pre-clinical evidence and expert opinions suggest potential use against SARS-CoV-2
  • A search in trial registries shows that 23 clinical trials are ongoing in China.
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Cocktail of Hydroxychloroquine, Zinc Sulfate and Azithromycin are showing phenomenon results with 900 coronavirus patients treated

Cocktail of Hydroxychloroquine, Zinc Sulfate and Azithromycin are showing phenomenon results with 900 coronavirus patients treated | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

Today, we now have a new and encouraging updates from Dr. Zelenko. In a one-hour video, Dr. Zelenko provides a detailed medical explanation about why his cocktail of Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate, Zinc and Azithromycin (not Z-Pak) works, and why the three-drug combination are really needed in killing coronavirus.

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Hydroxychloroquine: The Light at the End of the Tunnel

Hydroxychloroquine: The Light at the End of the Tunnel | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

We told you several weeks ago about the Orange County, New York doctor – Vladimir Zelenko – who has had tremendous success in treating hundreds of symptomatic coronavirus patients with a combination of hydroxycholoroquine and antibiotics. That course of medication is now being copied by many doctors around the country, despite the best efforts of Dr. Anthony Fauci and the corrupt news media to hide the crucial information from the public.

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Medical group backs giving hydroxychloroquine to coronavirus patients

Medical group backs giving hydroxychloroquine to coronavirus patients | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

America’s major medical society specializing in the treatment of respiratory diseases has endorsed using hydroxychloroquine for seriously ill hospitalized coronavirus patients.
The American Thoracic Society issued guidelines Monday that suggest COVID-19 patients with pneumonia get doses of the anti-malaria drug.

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Coronavirus and chloroquine: Is there evidence it works?

Coronavirus and chloroquine: Is there evidence it works? | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

Chloroquine, and a related derivative, hydroxychloroquine, have gained attention - despite the World Health Organization (WHO) saying there is no definitive evidence they work.
So what is the current evidence of their effectiveness as a treatment for the coronavirus, and who is using them?

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The Debacle of Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin for COVID19

The Debacle of Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin for COVID19 | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

A few quick words on the French study that sparked the hype of hydroxychloroquine (HQ)/azithromycin (AZ). Originally published in preprint form, the paper was published the next day in a journal in which one of the authors was editor-in-chief.
The problems with this study are numerous.

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Hydroxychloroquine can shorten time to recovery in COVID-19: study

Hydroxychloroquine can shorten time to recovery in COVID-19: study | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

The researchers found that the control and HCQ groups did not differ in terms of age and sex distribution. For time to clinical recovery, the HCQ group had significantly shortened body temperature recovery time and cough remission time. Compared with the control group, the HCQ group had a larger proportion of patients with improved pneumonia (80.6 versus 54.8 percent). Four patients—all in the control group—progressed to severe illness. There were two patients with mild adverse reactions in the HCQ treatment group.

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Covid-19: India eases hydroxychloroquine, paracetamol export restrictions

Covid-19: India eases hydroxychloroquine, paracetamol export restrictions | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

Covid-19 update: India had restricted the exports of pharmaceutical ingredients and medicines on March 3. Paracetamol and its formulations accounted for two items on the original list.

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Hydroxychloroquine: What’s Known About Treating Coronavirus

Hydroxychloroquine: What’s Known About Treating Coronavirus | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

Two weeks ago, French doctors published a provocative observation in a microbiology journal. In the absence of a known treatment for COVID-19, the doctors had taken to experimentation with a potent drug known as hydroxychloroquine. For decades, the drug has been used to treat malaria—which is caused by a parasite, not a virus. In six patients with COVID-19, the doctors combined hydroxychloroquine with azithromycin (known to many as “Z-Pak,” an antibiotic that kills bacteria, not viruses) and reported that after six days of this regimen, all six people tested negative for the virus.

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Compilation of Evidence on Hydroxychloroquine + Azithromycin for COVID-19

Compilation of Evidence on Hydroxychloroquine + Azithromycin for COVID-19 | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it
Beeyond's insight:

A compilation of evidence for and against hydroxychloroquine (and azithromycin) in treatment of COVID-19 Updated April 6, 2020 By James M Todaro, MD. This is a Google Doc.

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The Nine Lives of Hydroxychloroquine

The Nine Lives of Hydroxychloroquine | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

Hydroxychloroquine is one of many medications frequently used in rheumatology practice. Its remarkable versatility is attested by its routine use in lupus, in patients with an autoimmune coagulopathy, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, as well as those with a low-level inflammatory arthropathy. It’s an amazing medication, with a novel history and wide array of indication and multiple actions that we now better understand.

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LA doctor: COVID-19 patients go from 'very ill' to 'symptom-free' in 8 to 12 hours using hydroxychloroquine and zinc

LA doctor: COVID-19 patients go from 'very ill' to 'symptom-free' in 8 to 12 hours using hydroxychloroquine and zinc | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

He added that combining the drug with zinc has been the key to the success. The hydroxychloroquine, he said, "opens the zinc channel" allowing the zinc to enter the cell, which then "blocks the replication of cellular machinery."

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Coronavirus patients on chloroquine heal faster

Coronavirus patients on chloroquine heal faster | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

COVID-19 patients on hydroxychloroquine heal faster, a Senegalese doctor has disclosed. Moussa Seydi, Head of the Infectious Diseases Department at Fann Hospital in Dakar made the announcement after 55 people had recovered from the virus.

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Thousands Of NY COVID Patients Being Treated With Anti-Malarial Drug Hydroxychloroquine

Thousands Of NY COVID Patients Being Treated With Anti-Malarial Drug Hydroxychloroquine | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

Former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani on Sunday told a story about an elderly man with a high fever arriving at Mount Sinai Hospital, “and the first thing they did before they even talked to him was give him hydroxychloroquine. Why is the governor banning it?” Guiliani said on “Sunday Morning Futures.” “Everything shows that it works.”
“There’s a dispute as to whether it treats symptoms or cures the disease. But it works. And we don’t have the luxury right now for a perfect solution,” President Trump’s personal lawyer said.

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Hydroxychloroquine: a potential ethical dilemma for rheumatologists during the COVID-19 pandemic

Hydroxychloroquine: a potential ethical dilemma for rheumatologists during the COVID-19 pandemic | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

Two antimalarial agents, chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), have been trusted treatments for a range of rheumatic diseases over the past seventy years [1]. These agents have attracted intense media attention in the past few weeks with suggestions that this category of drugs may have potential in the management of coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) associated disease called COVID-19 [2, 3].

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Caution and clarity required in the use of chloroquine for COVID-19

Caution and clarity required in the use of chloroquine for COVID-19 | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak continues to spread rapidly, efforts are ongoing in China and around the world to develop effective treatments. Among the drugs being tested for COVID-19 in China is chloroquine, which was reported on Feb 4, 2020, to inhibit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in vitro. The drug was rapidly pushed to clinical testing as an experimental treatment in China; on Feb 15, 2020, it was included in the sixth version of the COVID-19 treatment guidelines by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. This guideline established the use of chloroquine nationwide for patients with COVID-19, at a recommended adult dose of 500 mg twice per day for no more than 10 days.1

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A small trial finds that hydroxychloroquine is not effective for treating coronavirus

A small trial finds that hydroxychloroquine is not effective for treating coronavirus | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

Thus, despite the recent approval of this drug for use against COVID-19, questions remain as to the efficacy of this treatment. As Molina and colleagues note: “Ongoing randomized clinical trials with hydroxychloroquine should provide a definitive answer regarding the alleged efficacy of this combination and will assess its safety.”

Beeyond's insight:

Interesting compendium around the very HCQ/AZT combination, specifically. Results seem to vary according to whether or not the patient is in severe / advanced infection by Covid-19, and whether or not the patient has underlying co-morbidities.

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No Evidence of Rapid Antiviral Clearance or Clinical Benefit with the Combination of Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin in Patients with Severe COVID-19 Infection

No Evidence of Rapid Antiviral Clearance or Clinical Benefit with the Combination of Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin in Patients with Severe COVID-19 Infection | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

In summary, despite a reported antiviral activity of chloroquine against COVID-19 in vitro, we found no evidence of a strong antiviral activity or clinical benefit of the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin for the treatment of our hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19. Ongoing randomized clinical trials with hydroxychloroquine should provide a definitive answer regarding the alleged efficacy of this combination and will assess its safety.

Beeyond's insight:

Another set of facts, poiting to patients with severe Covid-19 infection.

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Rheumatologists urge caution on chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine use for COVID-19

Rheumatologists urge caution on chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine use for COVID-19 | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

In a second opinion article published in the same journal, Kim and co-author Jinoos Yazdany (University of California, San Francisco, USA) stress that “[d]ata to support the use of [hydroxychloroquine] and [chloroquine] for COVID-19 are limited and inconclusive,” whereas “evidence for the use of these drugs to treat immune-mediated diseases is not.”
For instance, hydroxychloroquine “is a cornerstone of therapy” for systemic lupus erythematosus, they add, noting that “landmark clinical trials have demonstrated that the withdrawal of [hydroxychloroquine] can lead to flares of disease, including life-threatening manifestations, such as lupus nephritis.”

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Researchers Warn Possible Coronavirus Treatment Hydroxychloroquine May Be Toxic When Combined With Diabetes Drug

Researchers Warn Possible Coronavirus Treatment Hydroxychloroquine May Be Toxic When Combined With Diabetes Drug | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

The new study was published yesterday online on scientific pre-print server BioRxiv and shows that 30-40% of mice treated with a combination of HCQ or CQ and diabetes drug metformin, died. Treatment with the same dose of either drug alone had no effect on the survival of the mice.

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Is Hydroxychloroquine The Cure For Coronavirus? Global Scramble For Tablets Suggests so

Is Hydroxychloroquine The Cure For Coronavirus? Global Scramble For Tablets Suggests so | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

While all this is happening, there is still no scientific evidence that proves hydroxychloroquine is indeed the answer to the Coronavirus. It may very well be, but there is still no medical evidence to show that it indeed works. And without potentially dangerous side effects. The White House top Coronavirus advisor, Dr. Anthony Fauci told CBS’s Face of The Nation that, “In terms of science, I don’t think we can definitively say it works. The data are really just at best suggestive. There have been cases that show there may be an effect and there are others to show there’s no effect.”

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Hydroxychloroquine is now being used worldwide, according to a map from French Dr. Didier Raoult

Hydroxychloroquine is now being used worldwide, according to a map from French Dr. Didier Raoult | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

Even as the mainstream media, such as NY Times and Washington Post, continue to suppress the good news about hydroxychloroquine, numerous reports have shown the drug to be highly effective against COVID-19 virus and saved many lives around the world.

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Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: Early randomized trial results

Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: Early randomized trial results | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

Reported findings include:

  • Body temp recovery time was shorter in the HCQ group by 1.0 day
  • Time to cough remission was significantly reduced in the HCQ group (2.0 vs 3.1 days)
  • 80.6% of the HCQ group experienced improvement in pneumonia vs. 54.8% of the control group; 61.3% of the HCQ group had significant pneumonia absorption
  • Four patients progressed to severe illness, all in the control group
  • Two HCQ recipients experienced mild side effects: 1 developed a rash, 1 experienced a headache
Beeyond's insight:

Results of an RCT (N=62) from China suggest that the use of hydroxychloroquine (400 mg daily for 5 days) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 could potentially shorten the time to clinical recovery and promote resolution of pneumonia. The study hasn’t yet been peer-reviewed, and authors caution that large-scale trials are still needed.

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Covid-19: First results of chloroquine treatment satisfactory

Covid-19: First results of chloroquine treatment satisfactory | Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2, vaccines, Remdesivir, Chloroquine...and all that Jazz | Scoop.it

The minister of Health, Population and Hospital reform, Prof. Abderrahmane Bebouzid, said Thursday in Algiers that the first results of the cases submitted to the chloroquine protocol are "satisfactory."

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BEEYOND is a consulting company in the field of disruptive innovation, accompanying established companies on out-of-the-core growth strategy, from creation of new concepts to product launch. Reach us at: contact@beeyond.fr.