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Bioscience News - GEG Tech top picks
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BigField GEG Tech's insight:
Cells face a daunting task. They have to neatly pack a several meter-long thread of genetic material into a nucleus that measures only five micrometers across. This origami creates spatial interactions between genes and their switches, which can affect human health and disease. Now, an international team of scientists has devised a powerful new technique that 'maps' this three-dimensional geography of the entire genome. 
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BigField GEG Tech's insight:
Less is more for biologist Craig Venter and his team, who have booted up a cell with only the bare minimum genetic instructions required for life, encoded in synthetic DNA. After years of failure, they discovered that 473 genes are all that’s needed to create a living, stripped-down version of the bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides.
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Genome Sequence-Based Screening for Childhood Risk and Newborn Illness Principal Investigators: Robert C. Green and Alan H. Beggs Co-Principal Investigators: Peter Park, Heidi Rehm, Pankaj Agrawal,...
BigField GEG Tech's insight:
This month, doctors in Boston will begin the BabySeq project, in which they will sequence yhe genomes of newborns to look for signs of diseases that begin in childhood.
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High-speed reading of the genetic code should get a boost with the creation of the world's first graphene nanopores -- pores measuring approximately 2 nanometers in diameter -- that feature a "built-in" optical antenna. Researchers have invented a simple, one-step process for producing these nanopores in a graphene membrane using the photothermal properties of gold nanorods.
BigField GEG Tech's insight:
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BigField GEG Tech's insight:
Researchers from the University of Cambridge and the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology used a combination of imaging and up to 100,000 measurements of where different parts of the DNA are close to each other to examine the genome in a mouse embryonic stem cell. Stem cells are ‘master cells’, which can develop – or ‘differentiate’ – into almost any type of cell within the body.
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BigField GEG Tech's insight:
The goal ? Commit France to the revolution in personalized medicine.
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Protein factors are responsible for organizing chromosomes inside the nucleus in three dimensions (3D)
BigField GEG Tech's insight:
Protein factors are responsible for organizing chromosomes inside the nucleus in three dimensions, forming a shape like a gift bow, with proteins aggregating as the central 'knot' holding the ribbon-like loops of DNA when genes are organized for proper expression, or a tangled mess in the presence of certain mutations.
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John Lis, Adam Siepel and colleagues map transcription start sites across the genome in two human cell lines using a nuclear run-on protocol called GRO-cap. They find a common architecture of initiation at both promoters and enhancers and that transcript elongation stability provides the strongest distinction between promoters and enhancers.
BigField GEG Tech's insight:
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Some companies offer tests that rank embryos based on their risk of developing complex diseases such as schizophrenia or heart disease. Are they accurate — or ethical?