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Scoop.it!
Structure-guided protein engineering of Cas12a yields variants that have increased activity and that can edit sites with previously inaccessible PAMs. 
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Scoop.it!
BigField GEG Tech's insight:
Recently, researchers quickly expanded the CRISPR-Cas toolbox to include transcriptional activation, repression, and epigenetic modification. In this review, the authors highlight advances that extend the CRISPR-Cas toolkit for transcriptional and epigenetic regulation, as well as best practice guidelines for these tools, and a perspective on future applications.
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RNA-guided epigenome editing with Cas9 fused to an acetyltransferase domain activates gene expression through modification of promoters and enhancers.
BigField GEG Tech's insight:
The authors describe a programmable, CRISPR-Cas9-based acetyltransferase consisting of the nuclease-null dCas9 protein fused to the catalytic core of the human acetyltransferase p300. The fusion protein catalyzes acetylation of histone H3 lysine 27 at its target sites, leading to robust transcriptional activation of target genes from promoters and both proximal and distal enhancers.
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BigField GEG Tech's insight:
In this chapter, the authors discuss the current state of epigenomic profiling and how functional information can be indirectly inferred. They also present new approaches that promise definitive functional answers, which are collectively referred to as 'epigenome editing'. In particular, they explore CRISPR-based technologies for single-locus and multi-locus manipulation. Finally, they discuss which level of function can be achieved with each approach and introduce emerging strategies for high-throughput progression from profiles to function.
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BigField GEG Tech's insight:
In this review, the authors introduce the mechanisms of (epi)genome editing mediated by CRISPR-Cas9 and its variants, introduce the procedures and applications of CRISPR screen in functional genomics, compare it with conventional screen tools and at last discuss current challenges and opportunities and propose future directions.
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In a study published in Nature Biotechnology, researchers in Keith Joung's lab at Massachusetts General Hospital described their efforts to engineer enhanced variants of the Cas12a nuclease that can target a wider range of protospacer adjacent motifs (PAM), have enhanced editing activity, and have reduced off-target effects.