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Recovering Intellectual Ancestors

Recovering Intellectual Ancestors | KILUVU | Scoop.it

"Andrea Wulf's new book The Invention of Nature reveals the extraordinary life of the visionary German naturalist Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) and how he created the way we understand nature today. Though almost forgotten today, his name lingers everywhere from the Humboldt Current to the Humboldt penguin. Humboldt was an intrepid explorer and the most famous scientist of his age. Perceiving nature as an interconnected global force, Humboldt discovered similarities between climate zones across the world and predicted human-induced climate change. Wulf traces Humboldt’s influences through the great minds he inspired in revolution, evolution, ecology, conservation, art and literature.  In The Invention of Nature Wulf brings this lost hero to science and the forgotten father of environmentalism back to life."


Via Serge G Laurens
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How Islam Created Europe

How Islam Created Europe | KILUVU | Scoop.it

"For centuries in early and middle antiquity, Europe meant the world surrounding the Mediterranean. It included North Africa, but the swift advance of Islam across North Africa in the seventh and eighth centuries virtually extinguished Christianity there, thus severing the Mediterranean region into two civilizational halves, with the 'Middle Sea' a hard border between them rather than a unifying force. Islam is now helping to undo what it once helped to create. A classical geography is organically reasserting itself, as the forces of terrorism and human migration reunite the Mediterranean Basin, including North Africa and the Levant, with Europe." 

association concert urbain's curator insight, September 22, 2016 9:06 AM

 

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Violaine Maelbrancke's curator insight, December 3, 2016 12:06 PM
Dans sa cartographie, l'Europe a souvent intégré le nord africain qu'elle a pourtant colonisé et soumis. Bien que ce nord africain ait gagné son indépendance il a conservé une relation Nord-Sud privilégiée avec l'Europe. Le terrorisme permet aujourd'hui de reconstruire une Europe bien délimitée en détruisant ce que le nord africain avait dessiné.
L'auteur critique ici une volonté européenne d'intégrer d'autres pays dont la méthode est calquée sur la méthode romaine de constitution d'un empire. L' Europe doit aujourd'hui trouver un autre moyen d'intégrer de nouveaux pays pleinement. Pour l'exemple du nord africain elle doit apprendre à pleinement intégrer l'islam en abandonnant un peu la logique législative catégorisante. Il faudrait alors construire un système où ces grandes lois deviennent des valeurs universelles qui prennent en considération les individus et leurs droits selon une hiérarchie des besoins.
David Stiger's curator insight, September 28, 2018 3:35 PM
After the fall of the Roman Empire, Europe was a disparate and disorganized collection of ethnically similar Christian tribes and kingdoms. Without Rome, there was no driving force to unify these proto-European entities. Bickering, feuding, and divisiveness dominated Christendom. 

An Islamic threat from the south, coming up through North Africa, eventually united Europeans against an "other". By sizing up to Arabic and African Muslims, Europeans saw their common ethnic and religious threads more clearly. This development culminated during the Crusades. Arguably, Islam defined and shaped the final product of Europe. 

Europe believed itself superior to the Islamic world and colonized it. Despite acknowledging the breathtaking accomplishments and advancements of their Muslim counterparts, Europeans saw themselves as something better. During the post-colonialization, 
Europe's excessive exploitation left  these old possessions in shambles without a foundation to build healthy democracies that could support human rights. Seeing itself as democratic and morally sophisticated, Europeans once again defined themselves against an Islamic backdrop.

Times are changing and Europe cannot pursue its old system of defining its civilization. Because of the geographic situation, Europe is poised to absorb the brunt of migration waves from the Islamic world. Failed states, inhumane governments, civil war, and economic collapse have propelled mass waves of North African and Arab immigrants to the shores of Europe. Cultures are mixing and the strict boundaries the old civilizations are disappearing in a more interconnected world. Europe must figure out a way to navigate these turbulent waters of change or risk giving into nationalistic extremist movements that are highly xenophobic and Islamophobic.  
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Les requins du Groenland peuvent vivre pendant quatre siècles

Les requins du Groenland peuvent vivre pendant quatre siècles | KILUVU | Scoop.it
Une étude révèle que le requin du Groenland est capable de vivre pendant 400 ans.

Via Philippe Trebaul
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