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Nouveaux paradigmes
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Converger vers les sujets qui nous font réfléchir autrement... parce que notre richesse est ailleurs !
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Christophe CESETTI
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Depuis 1975, la France a vu son PIB par habitant progresser moins vite que la moyenne des pays de l'OCDE. Démographie, pourcentage de la population active et productivité font partie des facteurs à l'origine de ce décrochage.
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Rescooped by Christophe CESETTI from La Fabrique Spinoza, think tank du bonheur citoyen |
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Autour de la Responsabilité Globale… Le Blog de Jean-Luc DOTHEE 29 jan 2014
(...)
le nombre impressionnant d’initiatives de mesure d’une « autre performance » (complémentaire du PIB et non en remplacement) empêche leur déploiement rapide. Il faut un consensus rapide sur quelques indicateurs complémentaires, parlants et pertinents et on est encore au stade de la « Recherche et Développement ».
Pourtant, ça urge… Quelle que soit la couleur politique des gouvernements qui administrent notre pays, un seul objectif les unis : générer de la croissance de PIB (et non de bien être). La croissance est le Grâle attendu pour résoudre tous nos problèmes dont notre réelle incapacité à produire une société de plein emploi dans nos vieux pays anciennement industrialisés.
Lien vers le rapport d'oct 2012 http://buff.ly/1dOXNKU
Via la Fabrique Spinoza
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enquête annuelle réalisée par le site américain Salary
En 2013, plus de 6000 mamans ont détaillé sur le site combien de temps par semaine elles consacraient à l’accomplissement des diverses taches domestiques. Alors ? Cela représente 94 heures de travail hebdomadaire pour une mère au foyer américaine, en moyenne. Ce qui équivaudrait, d’après les calculs de Salary, à un revenu annuel de 83 006,85 euros, soit 6917 euros par mois. Beau métier.
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La carrière des indicateurs est une chose intéressante. Certains semblent installés pour des lustres pendant que d’autres aspirent à les détrôner ou à les compléter. Leur carrière future dépend des « réseaux d’intéressement » (termes de sociologues de l’innovation) qui se forment pour les défendre, et de l’influence de ces réseaux sur les décisions politiques, lesquelles sont seules en mesure de décider que tel ou tel indicateur sera désormais placé en haut de l’agenda politique et donc statistique.
(...)
En fait, cet IPV, une variante de ce qu’on appelait les « PIB verts », existe depuis les années 1990 mais essentiellement aux Etats-Unis où il est né, à l’initiative d’une fondation californienne, «Redefining Progress» www.rprogress.org
(...)
Dans mon billet de 2008, je menais des critiques de ces indicateurs et de leur façon de tout transformer en monnaie afin d’être directement comparables au PIB, ce qui est leur atout « communicationnel » majeur. Je ne vois pas de raison de modifier mes critiques de l’époque. Mais en voici une autre qui ajoute au trouble. (...) si le progrès véritable est si véritable que cela, le pays qui, parmi les pays riches, bat tous les records sur le plan des inégalités, de la pauvreté, des violences, de l’exclusion, des émissions de gaz à effet de serre, de l’empreinte écologique par habitant, des OGM, des gaz de schiste, de la consommation d’eau, et bien d’autres records de ce type, devrait être très mal classé !
(...)
Le drame est que même les plus écolos des économistes restent (presque tous) des économistes… Leur réponse est double :
1) l’IPV n’est pas un indicateur de soutenabilité, mais un indicateur de « bien-être économique » (c’est-à-dire lié aux activités économiques) très supérieur au PIB ;
2) « il vaut mieux avoir approximativement raison que précisément tort » (p. 55).
Bonne formule, mais, avec l’IPV, ont-ils « approximativement raison » ou largement tort ? Cet indicateur nous indique-t-il ou non un bon cap ? Je ne crois pas que les PIB verts feront carrière. L’ampleur de la crise écologique est telle qu’ils seront débordés.
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La culture contribue 7 fois plus au PIB français que l'industrie automobile avec 57,8 milliards d'euros de valeur ajoutée par an. Son coût total pour la collectivité approche 21,5 milliards d'euros.
Via association concert urbain
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Dans cette soirée, articulée autour de trois thématiques principales, les convivialistes donneront une première idée de tout ce qui pourrait et devrait être réformé en France, même sans croissance du PIB, et qui contribuerait puissamment au mieux-être de tous.
Introduction : A. Caillé
1) Travailler dans une France convivialiste, avec une introduction par D. Méda et J-B. de Foucauld
2) Mesure et démesure, avec une introduction par B. Cassin, R. Gori et B. Perret
3) Une France moins inégalitaire, avec une introduction par Ph. Frémeaux et Th. Coutrot
Conclusion : Ed. Plenel
Avec des interventions de : C. Alphandéry, H. Chaygneaud-Dupuy, A-M. Fixot, F. Flahault, Ch. Fourel, V. de Gaulejac, M. Humbert, A. Insel, J-L. Laville, J. Lecomte, E. Morin, A. Pena-Vega, R. Sue, P. Viveret
Soirée organisée avec le soutien de : L’Appel des appels, l’Association des Amis d’Alternatives économiques, ATTAC, le collectif Roosevelt, Dialogues en humanités, les États généraux pour un pouvoir citoyen, FAIR, l’Institut Veblen, le Laboratoire de l’Economie sociale et solidaire.
Et le concours de Mediapart, de l’Université Paris-Diderot et du Laboratoire du Changement social
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Rescooped by Christophe CESETTI from Econopoli |
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Suite de notre série sur les mégabanques. Intéressons-nous aujourd’hui à la taille des banques et des systèmes bancaires. Voici une visualisation de la taille relative des grandes banques mondiale, exprimée en % du PIB de leur pays.
Via Uston News
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Scooped by Christophe CESETTI |
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Le PIB est aujourd’hui sérieusement remis en question comme indicateur de référence pour la décision politique. Il ignore notamment que l’économie dépend de ressources physiques – en ne tenant compte que de l’apport humain – et entretient de ce fait une impression de « monde infini » qui ne prépare pas du tout à la gestion des défis qui nous attendent.Or pour avancer sur la question du « par quoi le remplacer » il nous est apparu que la première question à se poser était « qui s’en sert et pourquoi faire ». Dans le cadre d'un groupe de travail mené par Pierre Lachaize, The Shift Project a donc mis au point une nomenclature des usages du PIB par catégorie d’utilisateurs.
Conférence autour des usages du PIB afin d'accompagner la sortie du rapport final de notre groupe de travail. Elle aura lieu le 14 Mai 2013 entre 18 et 20h et sera suivie d'une table-ronde avec des experts animée par Guillaume Duval, rédacteur en chef du magazine Alternatives Economiques. La conférence est organisée dans les locaux de l'école ESCP Europe, situés au 79 Avenue de la République 75011 Paris.
L'inscription est gratuite et obligatoire: Inscription conférence PIB http://ow.ly/jNsx1
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Rescooped by Christophe CESETTI from Nouvelles Notations, Evaluations, Mesures, Indicateurs, Monnaies |
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Infographics on the distribution of wealth in America, highlighting both the inequality and the difference between our perception of inequality and the actual numbers. The reality is often not what we think it is.
Via Marc Tirel
Christophe CESETTI's insight:
Un début d'analyse à la française "Qui sont les 1% français ?" http://ow.ly/kOLSo
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Publié le 07/05/2014 à 17h20
L’affaire semble entendue : la dépense publique représentant en France 57 % du PIB, il ne reste plus que 43 % pour le privé. De quoi justifier l’austérité budgétaire. Le problème est que ce raisonnement est faux.
Avec la méthode retenue pour calculer la dépense publique, on peut estimer la dépense privée à plus de 200 % du PIB. Petite démonstration, sachant que tous les chiffres portent sur 2012 et sont tirés des comptes de la nation de l’Insee.
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Rescooped by Christophe CESETTI from CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY – |
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VIDEO REPORT
NewsHour PBS, April 28, 2014
IS GDP THE WRONG YARDSTICK TO BE MEASURING PROSPERITY
(Finding GDP Alternatives - Quantifying Unpriceable Prosperity)
Gross domestic product, the total dollar value of goods and services sold in the U.S., has become fundamental to American economic policy. But there are other essential assets, qualities and conditions that GDP can't measure, like the health of the environment or society. Economics correspondent Paul Solman looks at another way of measuring progress that takes more of these variables into account... http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/finding-gdp-alternatives-quantify-unpriceable-prosperity/
VIDEO
"GPI" GENUINE PROGRESS INDICATOR: MOVING BEYOND GDP
▶ THE STATE OF MARYLAND'S -- "GENUINE PROGRESS INDICATOR"
Maryland developed its Genuine Progress Indicator to measure how development activities impact long-term prosperity, both positively and negatively. Here in Maryland and across the globe, people are continually challenged by the need to find a balance between advancing economic gain and ensuring social well-being... http://www.dnr.maryland.gov/mdgpi/
▶ "GROSS NATIONAL HAPPINESS" THE BIG IDEA FROM TINY STATES THAT CHANGE THE WORLD http://sco.lt/7aZ09h
World Resources Institute, April 14, 2010
▶ MEASURING WHAT MATTERS: GDP, ECOSYSTEMS AND THE ENVIRONMENT http://www.wri.org/blog/measuring-what-matters-gdp-ecosystems-and-environment#comment-870
World Watch Institute, January 10, 2014
▶ GDP AND GLOBAL ECONOMY GROWING MAY BE LEAVING WELL-BEING BEHIND http://www.worldwatch.org/global-economy-growing-may-leave-well-being-behind
ANIMATED VIDEO
GROWTH IS NOT ENOUGH
Published on Mar 25, 2014
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_AMEAnWyRk
Our politicians are hung up on keeping the growth curve rising. But does GDP really tell us all we need to know about a country's wealth and well-being? In this new RSA Short, Kate Raworth makes a powerful argument to look beyond economic growth alone for a true measure of prosperity and progress.
Kate Raworth is a renegade economist teaching at Oxford University, and is focused on the rewriting of economics to make it a fit tool for addressing the 21st century's social and ecological challenges. She blogs on Doughnut Economics at http://www.kateraworth.com and tweets @KateRaworth
OneWorld South Asia, October 18, 2012
▶ GDP NOT ADEQUATE FOR WELL-BEING: JOSEPH E. STIGLITZ http://southasia.oneworld.net/news/gdp-not-adequate-for-well-being-says-stiglitz#.U19mj8fp5K4
17 January 2013 Guardian Sustainable Business
▶ NEW ECONOMIC MODEL NEEDED, NOT RELENTLESS CONSUMER DEMAND http://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/blog/new-economic-model-not-consumer-demand-capitalism
▶ BUSINESSES ARE NOT JUST AGENTS OF CONSUMERISM BUT ALSO OF SOCIETY http://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/blog/business-agents-consumerism-society-customers?CMP=twt_gu
VIDEO
PBS Newshour
CONSUMING OUR WAY TO PROSPERITY IS MACRO FOLLY.
The American people are repeatedly told by financial pundits and politicians that consumption is an “engine” that “drives” economic growth, because it makes up 70 percent of GDP. This past December, my team and I produced a new EconStories video, “Deck the Halls with Macro Follies,” which took aim at this very old, yet common, economic fallacy. http://www.pbs.org/newshour/making-sense/consuming-our-way-to-prosperit-1/
Common Dreams, November 1, 2013
▶ HOW ECONOMIC GROWTH HAS BECOME ANTI-LIFE http://www.commondreams.org/view/2013/11/01-2
Share The World's Resources, March 05, 2012
▶ LIFE BEYOND GROWTH REPORT (PDF DOWNLOAD) In the context of growing concern as conditions on Earth worsen, more and more people are starting to ask key questions like 'What kind of economy and society is likely to bring us true happiness?' The GDP just doesn't cut it anymore, says a report by The Institute for Studies in Happiness, Economy, and Society http://www.stwr.org/economic-sharing-alternatives/life-beyond-growth.html
HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW
MAKING THE CHOICE BETWEEN MONEY AND MEANING: CAN WE HAVE BOTH? THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS http://sco.lt/5kIkoT
The Guardian, April 08, 2014
▶ HAPPINESS AND WELL BEING TRUMP MATERIAL AND GDP GROWTH: http://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/blog/happiness-wellbeing-bhutan-gus-odonnell-policy
Yale Global
▶ MAN AND HIS ENDANGERED HOME - OUR PURSUIT OF GROWTH AND LUXURY MAY LEAVE US HOMELESS http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/man-and-his-endangered-home
The Guardian, George Monbiot December 9, 2013
▶ MATERIALISM: A SYSTEM THAT EATS US FROM THE INSIDE OUT http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/dec/09/materialism-system-eats-us-from-inside-out
Paul Gilding, February 2012
-▶ WILL MARKETS SURVIVE THE END OF GROWTH? http://paulgilding.com/cockatoo-chronicles/will-markets-survive-the-end-of-growth.html
March 22, 2013 - Development Crossing
▶ HOW CSR ETHICS AND SUSTAINABILITY RATHER THAN PROFIT CAN DRIVE BUSINESS PRACTICES http://www.developmentcrossing.com/profiles/blogs/plans-in-zermatt-to-discuss-how-csr-ethics-and-sustainability
VIDEO
▶ "WHO PROFITS FROM POVERTY?" : DOING GOOD RESPONSIBLY - http://sco.lt/9273Jp
November 29, 2013 BBC Smart Planet
-▶ THE HIGH COST OF OUR THROWAWAY CULTURE http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20121129-the-cost-of-our-throwaway-culture
Stanford Social Innovation Review
▶ INNOVATION FOR A COMPLEX WORLD: PROMOTING THE WELL-BEING OF HUMANITY. This special supplement includes seven articles by Judith Rodin and others, sharing global perspectives on how social innovation can promote the well-being of humanity. View the digital edition and download the complete PDF... http://www.ssireview.org/supplement/innovation_for_a_complex_world?utm_source=Enews&utm_medium=email&utm_content=3&utm_campaign=supplement
Guardian Environment, May 21, 2010
▶ UN SAYS GOODS AND SERVICES FROM THE NATURAL WORLD SHOULD BE FACTORED INTO THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC SYSTEM http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2010/may/21/un-biodiversity-economic-report
▶ UN: THE ERA OF EVER-LASTING PRODUCTION BASED ON MAXIMIZING PROFITS HAS REACHED ITS LIMITS http://sco.lt/6C3RoH
▶ ECO-SPIRITUALITY: TOWARD A VALUES-BASED ECONOMIC STRUCTURE http://sco.lt/92y1Ef
▶ THE ECONOMY OF ENOUGH: A BETTER PLAN THAN 'ENDLESS GROWTH' http://sco.lt/7f68zR
▶ ARE CORPORATE PROFITS EATING THE ECONOMY? TIME FOR A NEW PARADIGM http://sco.lt/4yBwiv
-▶ THE WORLD IS SITTING ON A CONSUMPTION TIME BOMB http://sco.lt/7sR3eT
-▶ COMPANIES MUST STEP UP TO INCLUDE SOCIAL GOALS IN CORPORATE DECISIONS http://sco.lt/5Far6P
▶ TRANSFORMING BUSINESS FOR TOMORROW'S WORLD: THE END OF GDP GROWTH http://sco.lt/56g0ob
Forbes
▶ PROFIT CANNOT BE THE ONLY PURPOSE OF BUSINESS : MAKING COMPANIES HUMANE THROUGH CSR http://sco.lt/6ENwQL
▶ THE RESPONSIBLE ETHICS OF A NEW ECONOMY...OR "SUSTAINABLE GREEN WASHING? http://sco.lt/5o1IBt
▶ AT THE LIMITS OF THE MARKET: WHY CAPITALISM WON'T AND CAN'T SOLVE CLIMATE CHANGE, Part 1 http://sco.lt/5Qy6cL ;
▶ SLEEPWALKING TO EXTINCTION: CAPITALISM AND THE CONSUMER ECONOMY http://sco.lt/9EPNkf
▶ WHAT HAPPENED TO DOWNTIME? THE EXTINCTION OF DEEP THINKING & SACRED SPACE http://99u.com/articles/6947/what-happened-to-downtime-the-extinction-of-deep-thinking-sacred-space
Huffington Post UK, January 09, 2014
▶ WHICH BIG AMERICAN BUSINESSES ARE WORTH MORE THAN ENTIRE COUNTRIES? (TABLE) http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/01/09/us-companies-worth-countries_n_4566707.html
▶ POPE FRANCIS: 'NOT TO SHARE WEALTH WITH THE POOR IS TO STEAL': POPE FRANCIS SLAMS CAPITALISM AS THE 'NEW TYRRANY' http://sco.lt/6RIQin
▶ FINANCIALIZING NATURE COULD BANKRUPT US ALL. OLD ECONOMICS OR SUSTAINING POLICY? http://sco.lt/8Y7sK9
▶ THE EVOLUTION OF BUSINESS: HOW A NEW BUSINESS ERA INSPIRED BY NATURE, NOT GREED, CAN BENEFIT US ALL http://sco.lt/97vmc5
▶ 'SUPERORGANIZATIONS" - LEARNING FROM NATURE'S NETWORKS http://sco.lt/4pwZHN
▶ SHOULD COMPANIES COMPENSATE SOCIETY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DESTRUCTION FROM WHICH THEY PROFIT? http://sco.lt/5x2tqz
Common Dreams
▶ LOOTING THE VERY FOUNDATIONS OF LIFE: CORPORATE FINANCIALIZATION OF NATURE A RECIPE FOR DISASTER http://sco.lt/4mAnuD
▶ BUSINESS AND HUMANITY ARE NOT SEPARATE FROM NATURE http://sco.lt/8gLwmH
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Rescooped by Christophe CESETTI from Transitions vers une économie écologique |
Scoop.it!
Richard White’s stunning essay is a long read, but well worth the effort. Although nominally a critique of the Steady State Economy proposals put forth by Herman Daly, Tim Jackson and NEF, it stands on its own as an impeccable critique of the Capitalist mode of production and its basic incapability to stop the ongoing social and environmental degradation of our time.
I find that the mere mention of the word “capitalism” can easily trigger defensive reactions which hamper any possible dialogue. In lieu of shared definition, I strongly recommend reading White’s full easy with an open mind and analyse whether his fits the bill. The critical aspect of the essay is handled with exemplary respectfulness towards Daly, et al.
Via Economie écologique
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Scooped by Christophe CESETTI |
Scoop.it!
La lecture du livre que vous avez entre les mains provoque un profond sentiment de joie, on y sent quelque chose qui pétille et qui rend l’espoir. Avec son style fluide (et excellemment traduit), David Bollier nous emmène dans un voyage du côté lumineux des relations humaines.
(...)
Nous avions besoin d’un tel livre, à la fois accessible et pénétrant.
(...)
L’étude des communs, au travers de tous les exemples concrets présentés dans ce livre, nous montre qu’il y a des comportements collectifs, des normes sociales qui dépassent la seule addition des comportements individuels sur laquelle se base l’économie néo-classique.
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Car contrairement aux mythes néo-classiques, les gens se parlent, s’organisent, font émerger des règles et se donnent les moyens de les faire respecter.
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Le mouvement des communs s’est souvent appuyé sur des actions locales, sur des analyses ponctuelles, sur des collectifs de taille maîtrisable.
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Les communs, de l’échelle locale à l’échelle globale, sont la source d’une nouvelle conception de la richesse, qui ne se mesure plus en PIB ou en obligations boursières, mais s’évalue en fonction de la capacité des humains à vivre ensemble.
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Scooped by Christophe CESETTI |
Scoop.it!
Les Echos du jeudi 23 janvier sur la base de l’AFP.
Une initiative de députés écolos, dont Eva Sas, rapporteure du projet, manifestement appuyée par certain-e-s député-e-s d’autres partis de gauche.
« Le ministre du Budget Bernard Cazeneuve s’est engagé jeudi soir à débattre à l’Assemblée d’ici fin juin de l’introduction de nouveaux indicateurs de richesse, et pas seulement le PIB, dans les politiques publiques, comme le réclament les écologistes. Les députés devaient discuter jeudi soir d’une proposition de loi organique écologiste destinée à introduire au même niveau que le PIB dans le projet de loi de finances, “des indicateurs de qualité de vie et de soutenabilité”.
Hostile pour des raisons de méthode au recours à une proposition de loi organique, très contraignante, M. Cazeneuve a indiqué aux écologistes que “l’objectif que vous poursuivez pourrait être atteint par une loi ordinaire” et suggéré à la rapporteure Eva Sas, de retirer son texte, ce qu’elle a accepté.
“En s’engageant à reprendre cette initiative sur un temps législatif au cours du premier semestre 2014 et à réaliser une expérimentation « en blanc » dès le projet de loi de finances 2015, le gouvernement démontre
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Scooped by Christophe CESETTI |
Scoop.it!
La commission des Lois a rejeté un texte écologiste visant à prendre en compte de nouveaux indicateurs de richesse dans les projets de loi de finance.
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Scooped by Christophe CESETTI |
Scoop.it!
Les "Trentes glorieuses", qui ont marqué la France de 1945 à 1975, sont célébrées comme une période idéale.
Mais la prospérité de l’époque s’est fait à un lourd prix environnemental. Sous plusieurs aspects, ces décennies ont en fait marqué une régression.
Reporterre s’entretient avec l’historien Christophe Bonneuil.
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Scooped by Christophe CESETTI |
Scoop.it!
As a contribution to the growing global conversation on a transformative post-2015 development agenda, Bhutan has submitted its report titled “Happiness: Towards a New Development Paradigm” to the United Nations.
The report is inspired by Bhutan’s development approach based on the philosophy of Gross National Happiness (GNH) and proposes a New Development Paradigm (NDP) with societal happiness as its guiding vision. Such a holistic view of development has the potential to transform humanity’s relationship with nature, restructure our economies, change our attitudes to food and wealth, and promote caring, altruism, inclusiveness and cooperation.
The report marks a milestone in Bhutan’s involvement in the worldwide endeavour to define a new global development agenda. Through the report, Bhutan wishes to contribute to the search for a genuinely different paradigm a process that will require exploration of unorthodox approaches that challenge the fundamentals of the current paradigm in search of a better way to live and flourish on our planet. This new paradigm is envisioned to emerge and evolve through a dynamic process of global conversation, participation and constant feedback.
To access the report and other contributions that helped inform the report please visit our Resources page http://ow.ly/rMSZB.
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Scooped by Christophe CESETTI |
Scoop.it!
China is now the world's second-biggest economy, but some of its provinces by themselves would rank fairly high in the global league. Our map shows the nearest equivalent country. For example, Guangdong's GDP (at market exchange rates) is almost as big as Indonesia's; the output of both Jiangsu and Shandong exceeds Switzerland's. Some provinces may exaggerate their output: the sum of their reported GDPs is 10% higher than the national total. But over time the latter has consistently been revised up, suggesting that any overstatement is modest.
What about other economic yardsticks? Guangdong exports as much as South Korea, Jiangsu as much as Taiwan. Shanghai's GDP per person is as high as Saudi Arabia's (at purchasing-power parity), though still well below that in China's special administrative regions, Hong Kong and Macau. At the other extreme, the poorest province, Guizhou, has an income per head close to that of India. Note that these figures use the same PPP conversion rate for the whole of China, but prices are likely to be lower in poorer provinces than in richer ones, slightly reducing regional inequality.
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Scooped by Christophe CESETTI |
Scoop.it!
INFLATE, stagnate, default. That has been the choice facing highly indebted economies ever since the crisis broke in 2007-2008. It would be nice if growth could lift us out of this mess, but that looks unlikely.
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we are nearly six years into this crisis and we have made precious little progress in running down debts and thus are vulnerable to further crises; Cyprus is just the latest example. Nor have we decided whether default or inflation is the preferred option. Either way, savers should beware.
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Scooped by Christophe CESETTI |
Scoop.it!
La dette des USA dépassera 100% du PIB pour Halloween http://t.co/p5Oo7OSC /via @wordpressdotcom...
