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Scientists at Bell Labs have built a prototype camera that uses no lens and a single-pixel sensor. This rather counter-intuitive idea is based around a grid of small apertures that each direct light rays from different parts of the scene to the sensor, and can be opened and closed independently. Using a technique called 'compressive sensing', the sensor makes a series of measurements with different combinations of open apertures, and uses this data to reconstruct the scene in front of the camera. Because there's no lens to focus the resultant image has infinite depth of field, rather like a pinhole camera.
