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Researchers at the RIKEN Brain Science Institute in Japan have uncovered the brain processes by which humans learn to understand the values of others and use this information to predict their decision-making behavior. Using fMRI scans, researchers found that "humans simulate the decisions of other people using two brain signals encoded in the prefrontal cortex, an area responsible for higher cognition." 
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In this paper, our goal is to (a) survey some of the legal contexts within which violence risk assessment already plays a prominent role, (b) explore whether developments in neuroscience could potentially be used to improve our ability to predict violence, and (c) discuss whether neuropredictive models of violence create any unique legal or moral problems above and beyond the well worn problems already associated with prediction more generally. NEUROSCIENCE: http://www.scoop.it/t/science-news?tag=neuroscience
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Abstract: Brains, it has recently been argued, are essentially prediction machines. They are bundles of cells that support perception and action by constantly attempting to match incoming sensory inputs with top-down expectations or predictions. This is achieved using a hierarchical generative model that aims to minimize prediction error within a bidirectional cascade of cortical processing. Such accounts offer a unifying model of perception and action, illuminate the functional role of attention, and may neatly capture the special contribution of cortical processing to adaptive success.
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Following his talk at the Learning Without Frontiers conference, we caught up with the prophet of the singularity, Ray Kurzweil, to find how he feels about being right all the time, how humans and technology adapt to each other and how this is feeding...
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New research has shown how a certain region of the brain helps predict trends and how it sees pattern in random things.
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You may not know what you need to know to change behavior, but the brains of others just might. Having neuroscience harness the power of the unconscious to help motivate people to quit smoking and therefore live longer is both astonishing and humbling. Articles about NEUROSCIENCE: http://www.scoop.it/t/science-news?tag=neuroscience
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Scientists have used a brain imaging tool that effectively tracked and predicted cognitive decline over a two-year period.
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Increasingly, research suggests how much our worldview is shaped by the predictions made deep inside our brain, below conscious awareness. A hard-wired bias toward optimism makes some sense from an evolutionary standpoint, as being an optimistic species could theoretically make humans more willing to take chances. Regardless, the research from Korn and his team remind us yet again that our decisions may not be quite what we think they are.
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