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A study showing that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is able to reduce the pathogenic profile of Th17 cells and favoring Treg cell differentiation. 
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Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies in RA are produced by circulating plasmablasts, renewed from memory B cell pool.
Alfredo Corell's insight:
Circulating plasmablasts/plasma cells as a source of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Kerkman PF, Rombouts Y, van der Voort EIH, Trouw LA, Huizinga TWJ, Toes REM, Scherer HU. Ann Rheum Dis 2013 Jul; 72:1259–1263. The effect of targeted rheumatoid arthritis therapies on anti-citrullinated protein autoantibody levels and B cell responses. Modi S, Soejima M, Levesque MC. Clin Exp Immunol 2013 Jul; 173(1):8-17. B effector cells in rheumatoid arthritis and experimental arthritis. Finnegan A, Ashaye S, Hamel KM. Autoimmunity 2012 Aug; 45(5):353-63.
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A major challenge in human genetics is to devise a systematic strategy to integrate disease-associated variants with diverse genomic and biological data sets to provide insight into disease pathogenesis and guide drug discovery for complex traits...
Alfredo Corell's insight:
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These results indicate that VIP may have promising effects in the early phase of RA targeting the inhibition of pathogenic Th17 cells,and favoring Treg cell differentiation.
Source: Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 2015. DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3A0714-327R
Read more: Journal of Leukocyte Biology
See also: IL-17: A Promising Therapeutic Target in Several Chronic Inflammatory Diseases
Important New Features and Glucocorticoid-Resistance of Pro-Inflammatory Th17 Cells